GE protected Metal Halide lamps are available in CMH®, MXR, and MPR designations. All elliptical shaped protected lamps are designed to meet the containment test specified in ANSI 78.389, HID Methods of Measuring Characteristics, Annexes A and B. Lamps that pass this containment test are suitable for use in open luminaires and are marked with the /O luminaire code as specified in ANSI C78.380, High-Intensity Discharge Lamps, Method of Designation, Annex A.
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This paper lists the operational guidelines to be followed when using dimming systems with GE HID lamps.
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The Halogen MR16 lamp is one of the most commonly used lamps in museums and homes for lighting art. It has a small profile and gives a nice warm glow with good color quality. But many ask the same question: What is the UV transmission of Halogen MR16 lamps with and without cover glass? What are its risks? Is a separate filter required to cut back enough UV as to not damage the art?
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Electric and natural light sources affect materials and their composition. There are many factors that contribute to how severe this change can be, such as time exposure, actual light source, and actual material composition. The strict management of the collective exposure to light on a material is the most important consideration. By comparison, other secondary factors, such as UV, have relatively small effects by comparison, unless the main light source is daylight.
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All to often the terms Color Temperature and Color Rendering Index (CRI) get confused as to what they really mean.
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In the human eye the perceived brightness of illumination depends of color. It takes more energy in the blue or red portion of the color spectrum to create the same sensation of brightness as in the yellow-green region.
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What is a "boiler plate" and how does the use of a "template" aid and assist a Lighting Designer or Electrical Engineer in producing a valid spec, job by job, and do it effectively to meet the Construction Document time line? .
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There are many classifications of lighting required for the Olympic Games. Some of these include sports lighting, general lighting, façade lighting, landscape lighting. Each of these are important for their special illumination purpose, but only sports lighting can influence the quality of the athletic competition, as well as the pictures taken of the event.
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Polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, are a group of industrial chemicals that were widely used before 1979 as insulators in electrical equipment. Use and disposal of PCBs is federally regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Toxic Substances and Control Act (TSCA).
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The GE UltraMax ballast is different from other T8 ballasts, because of its built-in UL Type CC anti-arcing “Arc Guard” feature. The ballast has a Maintenance Mode operation that, by operation of the Arc Guard system, reduces the possibility of arcing at the lampholders or anywhere else in the lamp circuit.
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Power factor is defined as the ratio of real power in Watts to complex power in Volt-Amperes (VA). It is always a number between 0 and 1. Power factor is significant to power generating utilities because it is a measure of what they must generate in VA to what is actually consumed in Watts.
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T12 ballasts for 2-4ft 2-pin lamps are rapid start ballasts. They provide voltage to the lamp cathodes during starting that heats the cathodes prior to the ballast applying an open circuit voltage (OCV) to start the lamp. T12 ballasts for 4 through 8ft single pin lamps are instant start ballasts. They do not apply voltage to the cathodes during starting and therefore need to apply a higher OCV to the lamp in order to start the lamp.
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Electronic ballasts use power supply circuits that vary widely in frequency. Although they are not intentional radiators, lighting fixtures emit fields that can interact with other devices operating at the same frequency. The typical frequency of electronic ballasts may vary from 20 kHz to 100 kHz. This frequency range is a public domain and band widths are not licensed or managed by the FCC.
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GE analysis of internal and competitive HID lamps suggests that the most compatible driving waveform for an electronic ballast is a Low Frequency Square Wave (L.F.S.W.) with low higher order harmonic content. L.F.S.W. has been long established as a dependable method of ballasting low Wattage HID lamps with significant industry standards support, both U.S and international.
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The need to provide energy savings by operating metal halide lamps on dimming systems has typically resulted in less than desirable color performance with Quartz Metal Halide (QMH) lamps. This paper examines how the new CMH® lamp technology has significantly improved the lamp lumen maintenance, Color Rendering Index (CRI) and minimized color variability initially and throughout life for full wattage and reduced wattage operation.
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This document compares Quality-of-light characteristics such as lumen maintenance, lamp color-shift and spread, color rendering Index (CRI) and dimming capabilities of GE ConstantColor® CMH® Ceramic Metal Halide lamps with that of standard Quartz Metal Halide (QMH) lamps.
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